Knowledge Base

File systems are what make organized data storage possible, and quite a few have appeared over the years: FAT32, exFAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, Btrfs, HFS, APFS, etc. However, there's one file system that outshines them...

Malware is getting smarter---literally. Threat actors are using artificial intelligence to create cyberthreats capable of learning and acting as autonomous agents that can change their tactics as required to complete their mission. What is Artificial...

RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) is the combining of multiple disks to mimic a single logical storage unit, i.e., a single drive. Depending on the type, or "level", RAID increases performance, capacity, and...

To most people who can even remember what punched paper tape is, it'll seem like a relic of yesteryear. But as we'll see, that's not strictly the case. What is punched paper tape? It...

RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) is the combining of multiple disks to mimic a single physical storage device. Depending on the type, or "level", RAID increases performance, capacity, and fault tolerance in some...

There are a number of NAS operating systems out there, including several based on the BSD (Berkeley System Development) operating system. Most are proprietary to the vendor, but several are not. The most unique...

No, we're not talking SlimFast here, or a forced hike on limited rations (don't ask). We're talking about yet another computer term that doesn't completely clue you in on the concept it represents. What is...

In our hyper-connected, always-on world, privacy is in everyone’s thoughts. Instant messaging is the dominant tool for remote conversations. How can we use instant messaging and maintain our privacy? By using Signal. Signal Messenger Signal is...

Virtual Private Networks (VPN) have been around for roughly thirty years. They provide secure communication between two networks, even over the public internet. What is a VPN? It’s how you communicate in public but...

Before we answer the question posed by this article, a bit of background will be required. Ext4 is only the latest, albeit not particularly new, iteration of the venerable Linux Extended file system (Extfs). What...